Shorthand views in distributed database management systems

Views are used in database systems to present data to diff erent applications in a f orm reflecting their individuai needs. The view mechanism contributes to data independence, isolation and protection. Introduced two types of view for a distributed database system. Shorthand views provide all the functions associated with views except data protection. Protection views have the same semantics as shorthand views but in addition provide data protection features. In this paper, the implementation of shorthand views is discussed in depth.