First observation of multiple volume reflection by different planes in one bent silicon crystal for high-energy protons

Multiple volume reflection by different planes in a bent silicon crystal with its ?111? axis orientation close to the beam direction was observed for the first time for 400 GeV/c protons at the CERN SPS. The proton beam was deflected to the side opposite to the crystal bend by an angle of about 67 ?rad, which is five times larger than in a single volume reflection by the (110) bent planes. The registered efficiency of one side deflection was about 84%. It was shown that multiple volume reflection transforms to a single volume reflection when the orientation angle of the ?111? axis relative to the beam direction is increased. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.