Diffractive structures in integrated optics

Integrated optical diffractive structures can be profitably used in a variety of applications. Grating couplers, for example, are suitable for waveguide characterization, while more complex components, such as the Fresnel lenses, can constitute the focusing elements of most IO signal processing devices. Here, we consider both practical and design aspects of the realization of several waveguide diffractive structures, namely the implementation of a fabrication process of gratings in glass substrates, and the design optimization of various types of Fresnel lenses.