FOXOphagy path to inducing stress resistance and cell survival

Nutrient deprivation and other stress stimuli elicit metabolic changes (such as the induction of autophagy and activation of FOXO transcription factors) that help an organism adapt to stressful conditions. A link between these stress response pathways is revealed by the finding that FOXO3 upregulates the expression of glutamine synthetase to promote glutamine accumulation, inhibit mTOR signalling and promote autophagy.