Indagine sui flussi di materia ed energia da vigneto e da terreno nudo nell'interfilare in un sistema viticolo dell'Italia Centrale

CO2 between atmosphere and a 'Sangiovese' vineyard sited in the Brunello di Montalcino production area (Siena, Italy). Estimates of the energy balance components of soil evaporation and of carbon fluxes were made in two consecutive years (2005 and 2006), in two important phenological phases (berries beginning to touch and beginning of ripening). Amonitoring system including a sonic anemometer, an open-path CO2 and H2O fast infra-red analyser and a net radiometer was set on top of the vineyard. Soil heat flux plates and soil moisture sensors were set between rows in order to measure energy balance components and evaporation from soil. Measured data showed very similar results in the two years, as a demonstration of the repeatability of the measurement procedure. Evapotranspiration was, in both years, about 4 mm/d as an average, where about 0.5 mm/d, as an average, were due to evaporation from soil. The daily net carbon flux for the vineyard resulted in about 7 µmol m-2 s-1 during the day and about 1.7 µmol m-2s-1 at night. In both years data howed asymmetry between morning and afternoon CO2 fluxes, where the latter were lower than the former. As a final result the net carbon budget of the vineyard was calculated in -3.3 g C m-2 d-1.