Chapter 5 - Advanced Photoelectron Spectroscopies

This chapter describes the application of photoelectron (or photoemission) spectroscopies to the analysis of the electronic structure of two-dimensional (2D) layers. In this context, a prominent role is played by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, which provides direct access to the band structure and Fermi surface of solids systems. With additional spin, time, and spatial resolutions this technique can determine the spin polarization and electron/spin dynamics of the electronic structure also in 2D layers of limited lateral size, which are relevant in the perspective of future technological applications. Some case studies, including surface metallic phases on semiconductors, Rashba alloys, graphene, and graphene-like monolayers, as well as 2D compound layers, are presented.