Verso la creazione di sistemi e sub-sistemi di difesa del Regno di Sardegna: piazzeforti, galere e prime torri nella prima metà del Cinquecento

The defense of the Kingdom of Sardinia with Fernando II of Aragon was based on control of urban fortifications and galley fleets from other realms of the Crown. In the conflict between Hispanic Monarchy, Turkish-Berber towns and Ottoman Empire is necessary to adapt the urban fortifications to modern needs and control territory. With Carlos V began to build the first coastal towers to protect ports and the mouths of major waterways. The galleys of Doria and the Carròs-Centelles ensured the mobile defense. A mid-sixteenth century, a project of a Franco-Ottoman attack showed the danger of losing the kingdom. Next to strengthen the city's defenses, other coastal towers to defend the territory formed real and specific sub-systems that materialize only from the eighties of the century.