Loss-induced phase separation and pairing for three-species atomic lattice fermions

We study the physics of a three-component Fermi gas in an optical lattice, in the presence of a three-body constraint arising due to strong three-body loss. Using analytical and numerical techniques, we showthat an atomic color superfluid phase is formed in this system and undergoes phase separation between unpaired fermions and superfluid pairs. This phase separation survives well above the critical temperature, giving a clear experimental signature of the three-body constraint.