Human microbiome and its association with health and diseases

Human microbiota are distinct communities of microorganisms that resides at different body niches. Exploration of the human microbiome has become a reality due to the availability of powerful metagenomics and metatranscriptomic analysis technologies. Recent advances in sequencing and bioinformatics over the past decade help provide a deep insight into the nature of the host-microbial interactions and identification of potential derivergenesand pathways associated with human health, well-being,and predisposition to different diseases. In the present review, we outline recentstudies devotedtoelucidatethepossiblelinkbetweenthemicrobiotaandvarioustypeofdiseases. The present review also highlights the potential utilization of microbiota as a potential therapeutic option to treat a wide array of human diseases.