Evaluation of the search and rescue LEEWAY model in the Tyrrhenian Sea: A new point of view

The trajectories' prediction of floating objects above the sea surface represents an important task in search and rescue (SAR) operations. In this paper we show how it is possible to estimate the most probable search area by means of a stochastic model, schematizing the shape of the object appropriately and evaluating the forces acting on it. The LEEWAY model,a Monte Carlo-based ensemble trajectory model, has been used; here, both statistical law to calculate the leeway and an almost deterministic law inspired by the boundary layer theory have been considered. The model is nested within the subregional hydrodynamic model TSCRM (Tyrrhenian Sicily Channel Regional Model) developed in the framework of PON-TESSA (Programma Operativo Nazionale; National Operative Program – TEchnology for the Situational Sea Awareness) project. The main objective of the work is to validate a new approach of leeway calculation that relies on a real person in water (PIW) event, which occurred in the Tyrrhenian Sea in July 2013. The results show that by assimilating a human body to a cylinder and estimating both the transition from laminar to turbulent boundary layer and the drag coefficients, it can be possible to solve a force balance equation, which allows the search area to be estimated with good approximation. This new point of view leads to the possibility of also testing the same approach for other different categories of targets, so as to overcome the limitations associated with the calculation of the leeway in the future by means of standard statistical law.