Anisotropic Thermal Expansion of p-Terphenyl: a Self-Assembled Supramolecular Array of Poly-p-phenyl Nanoribbons

[The recent discovery of superconductivity in a metallic aromatic hydrocarbon, alkali-doped p-terphenyl, has attracted considerable interest. The critical temperature Tc ranges from few to 123 K, the record for organic superconductors, due to uncontrolled competition of multiple phases and dopants concentrations. In the proposed mechanism of Fano resonance in a superlattice of quantum wires with coexisting polarons and Fermi particles, the lattice properties play a key role. Here, we report a study of the temperature evolution of the parent compound p-terphenyl crystal structure proposed to be made of a self-assembled supramolecular network of nanoscale nanoribbons. Using temperature-dependent synchrotron X-ray diffraction, we report the anisotropic thermal expansion in the ab plane, which supports the presence of a nanoscale network of one-dimensional nanoribbons running in the b-axis direction in the P21/a structure. Below the enantiotropic phase transition at 193 K, the order parameter of the C-1 structure follows a power law behavior with the critical exponent ? = 0.34 ± 0.02 and the thermal expansion of the a-axis and b-axis show major changes supporting the formation of a two-dimensional bonds network. The large temperature range of the orientation fluctuations in a double well potential of the central phenyl has been determined.object Object]