Assessment of Pedestrians Exposure Variability in 5G Connected Vehicles Scenario

This study aims to expand the knowledge on RF-EMF human exposure, in a case of forthcoming 5G C-ITS scenario for vehicular connectivity. The work was focused on the assessment of the exposure variability for pedestrians on the road, near a car equipped with 5G-V2X antenna, at the working frequency of 3.5 GHz and with 3D beamforming capability. The exposure levels, expressed in terms of specific absorption rate (SAR), were evaluated for the Ella model, for 1000 different beamforming patterns of the 5G-V2X antenna, coupling the traditional deterministic method with the stochastic Polynomial Chaos Kriging approach. The results showed low exposure values compared to ICNIRP guidelines and highlighted a high exposure variability for 5G vehicular connectivity scenarios.