The Impact Of Agricultural Crops And Fertilizers Used On The Bacterial Population Of The Soil And In Particular On Nitrifying And Denitrifying Bacteria

Modern agriculture appears to have a very diversified impact on the soil not only for the crops used but also for the type of fertilizer used. One of the least studied impacts is that on the soil microbiome. Maintaining a stable soil microbial community structure is crucial in preserving soil production potential and overall soil health. Various nitrogen (N) addition strategies induced changes in soil physicochemical properties which are correlated with alterations in microbial community structure and partial microbial abundance, thereby displaying differences in carbon and nitrogen use efficiencies. Therefore it becomes important to analyze how the microbiology of the soil and the effects of the fertilizers used can vary. This study analyses the variations of microorganisms in the soil that can be linked to the nitrogen cycle based on the main cultures present in the region and on the different agronomic practices used. This case study allows us to identify how nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria react and how they differentiate, used Real Time PCR for the identification and quantification of bacterial and in particular nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria. The analysis of these bacterial types therefore allows us to outline a global picture of possible future treatments and the different forms of nitrogen that can be used for plant health and to avoid environmental impacts.