Assessing the anaerobic degradability and the potential recovery of biomethane from different biodegradable bioplastics in a full-scale approach

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anaerobic degradability and the potential recovery of biomethane from different bioplastics using a full-scale approach. Bioplastics were placed inside a real anaerobic digestion plant working under thermophilic conditions and quantitative and qualitative degradation of bioplastics was evaluated. Laboratory-scale experiments were used to determine the amount of biomethane produced by anaerobic degradation of bioplastics. Polylactic acid-based items may degrade completely using retention times compatible with anaerobic digestion plants contributing positively to biomethane production, i.e., in 90 days 397 ± 8 NL CH kg were produced by polylactic acid-based cutlery. Starch-based shoppers showed a quick degradation of the starch component in the first month of anaerobic digestion, followed by a slow degradation of the polyester component. Anaerobic digestion and/or anaerobic digestion coupled to digestate composting may represent the best strategy to dispose these wastes meeting the principles of Circular Economy.