Putaminoxin, a phytotoxic nonenolide from Phoma putaminum

Phoma putaminum, the causal agent of leaf necrosis of Erigeron annuus, a common weed of field and pasture, produced toxic metabolites when grown in liquid culture. The main phytotoxin, named putaminoxin, was isolated and characterized using spectroscopic and chemical methods as (5S)5-hydroxy-9-propyl-6-nonen-9-olide, a new 10-macrolide. When assayed on leaves of host and non-host plants, putaminoxin showed a wide range of toxicity, with leaves of E. annuus being most sensitive. © 1995.