SPH simulations of buoyant and non-buoyant jets into open-channel flows

Flow phenomena induced by jet intake in a water body occur in natural environments such as pollutant discharge in rivers and engineering applications such as marine waster water outfalls. A study of buoyant and non-buoyant jets propagating into open-channel flows has been performed through a 2D SPH modelling. Two-phase flows in open channels are treated through an appropriate algorithm to model inlet/outlet boundary conditions. SPH equations of fluid mechanics are coupled with a SPH form of advective diffusion equation to treat different ranges of pollutant-water density ratios. Attention is paid to determine the induced flow and concentration field due to the interaction between the jet and the ambient flow. SPH simulations of coflow and crossflow jets in buoyant and non-buoyant conditions have been carried. The model has been validated near the jet nozzle and far from it, comparing the numerical jet trajectories, velocities and concentration fields with the analytical ones.