Oxygen bubble-templated anodic deposition of porous PbO2

The oxygen bubble-templated deposition of porous PbO2 was realized by anodizing Pb(II) solutions (in nitrate-acetate, sulfamate or methanesulfonate media) at large current density. This process is the anodic analogue of the more common hydrogen bubble-templated electrodeposition of porous metals. The porous PbO2 layers consisted of a mixture of ?- and ?-phases, in contrast to compact layers deposited at low current density (pure ?-PbO2). The void volume fraction and surface roughness factor of porous PbO2 were estimated.