Robust Engineering of Maximally Entangled States by Identical Particle Interferometry

This study proposes a procedure for the robust preparation of maximally entangled states of identical fermionic qubits, studying the role played by particle statistics in the process. The protocol exploits externally activated noisy channels to reset the system to a known state. The subsequent interference effects generated at a beam splitter result in a mixture of maximally entangled Bell states and NOON states. It also discusses how every maximally entangled state of two fermionic qubits distributed over two spatial modes can be obtained from one another by fermionic passive optical transformations. Using a pseudospin-insensitive, non-absorbing, parity check detector, the proposed technique is thus shown to deterministically prepare any arbitrary maximally entangled state of two identical fermions. These results extend recent findings related to bosonic qubits. Finally, it analyzes the performance of the protocol for both bosons and fermions when the externally activated noisy channels are not used and the two qubits undergo standard types of noise. The results supply further insights toward viable strategies for noise-protected entanglement exploitable in quantum-enhanced technologies. © 2023 The Authors. Advanced Quantum Technologies published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.