Speech perception and production abilities in a group of Italian preschoolers aged 72-78 months

Objectives: The present work aims to contribute to the debate on the relationship between discrimination and production abilities in older pre-school-aged children and to fill a gap in the literature by providing evidence about this relationship in typically developing children speaking Italian, a language that is under-investigated. Methods: Two novel tests, an AX 'same/different' phonological discrimination test and a phonetic test, were administered to a sample of Italian pre-school children aged 72-78months. Discrimination was tested at the feature and the syllable levels. Production was analyzed for consonant repertoire and the presence of phonological processes, such as devoicing or consonant cluster reduction. Results: In the AX test, significantly worse performance was found for syllables than for individual features. However, in production, no significant difference was found among phonological processes. No significant correlations were found between children's performance in the two tests. Conclusion: The current data suggest that children's discrimination and production abilities for speech are still developing after age 6. There is no complete overlap between what children produce and what they discriminate. The implications of these findings for theories of language development are discussed.