Performance and degradation of high temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell catalysts

An investigation of carbon-supported Pt/C and PtCo/C catalysts was carried out with the aim to evaluate their stability under high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operation. Carbon-supported nanosized Pt and PtCo particles with a mean particle size between 1.5 nm and 3 nm were prepared by using a colloidal route. A suitable degree of alloying was obtained for the PtCo catalyst by using a carbothermal reduction. The catalyst stabilitywas investigated to understand the influence of carbon black corrosion, platinum dissolution and sintering in gas-fed sulphuric acid electrolyte half-cell at 75 oC and in PEMFC at 130 oC. Electrochemical active surface area and catalyst performance were determined in PEMFC at 80 oC and 130 oC. A maximum power density of about 700mWcm-2 at 130 oC and 3 bar abs. O2 pressure with 0.3 mg Pt cm-2 loading was achieved. The PtCo alloy showed a better stability than Pt in sulphuric acid after cycling; yet, the PtCo/C catalyst showed a degradation after the carbon corrosion test. The PtCo/C catalyst showed smaller sintering effects than Pt/C after accelerated degradation tests in PEMFC at 130 oC.