Biocatalytic Transformations of Steroids: Focus on Hydrolase-Catalyzed Reactions

Steroids comprise several classes of structurally related molecules with multiple bioactivities. Due to their complexity, the selective modification of these polycyclic compounds is challenging. This review outlines recent developments in the use of biocatalysts for the transformation of steroids, specifically focusing on the synthetic exploitation of hydrolases. Accordingly, several regio- and stereoselective acylations and deacylations mediated by lipases and proteases are discussed en route to preparation of new derivatives with useful application in pharmaceutical and food chemistry.