Simultaneous multicystic kidney and Anderson-Fabry disease: 2 separate entities or same side of the coin?

We present the case of a 54-year-old man with multicystic kidney and concomitant Anderson-Fabry disease. He was referred to our hospital with multiple renal and hepatic cysts, without apparent family history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. His clinical history suggested Anderson-Fabry disease, so an extensive work-up for Anderson-Fabry disease was subsequently undertaken. The ?-galactosidase activity in his serum was low, and a final diagnosis of Anderson-Fabry disease with concomitant multicystic kidney was confirmed by genetic analysis. © 2011 Società Italiana di Nefrologia.