Magnetic circular dichroism in transmission mode at the Ni 2p edges

Circular dichroism in a perpendicularly magnetized Ni film has been observed at the Ni 2p edges (850-880 eV) measuring the transmission through the sample. This is a photon-in/photon-out technique that allows to extract bulk properties in relatively thick films, in contrast to total electron yield measurements which only probe the topmost atomic layers.