Optomechanics of random media

Using light to control the movement of nano-structured objects is a great challenge. This challenge involves fields like optical tweezing, Casimir forces, integrated optics, bio-physics, and many others. Photonic robots could have uncountable applications. However, if the complexity of light-activated devices increases, structural disorder unavoidably occurs and, correspondingly, light scattering, diffusion and localization. Are optically driven mechanical forces affected by disorder-induced effects? A possible hypothesis is that light scattering reduces the optomechanical interaction. Conversely, we show that disorder is a mechanism that radically enhances the mechanical effect of light. We determine the link between optical pressure and the light diffusion coefficient, and unveil that when the Thouless conductivity becomes smaller than the unity, at the so-called Anderson transition, optical forces and their statistical fluctuations reach a maximum. Recent advances in photonics demonstrate the possibility of harnessing disorder for fundamental physics and applications. Designing randomness allows new materials with innovative optical properties. Here we show that disorder and related phenomena may be exploited for optomechanical devices.