Soil biodiversity and tree crops resilience.

Promoting resilience in agroecosystems is a promising strategy for sustainable management of tree crops. Belowground biological communities provide several environmental services, including food webs structure stability and biodiversity conservation in aggregates, that contribute to crop production and effectively respond to disturbances caused by global changes. Aboveground habitats rely on resilient reactions driven by factors including soil biodiversity interacting with dominant plant communities. Aboveground resilience acts on decadal or longer time scales while belowground communities often react on a time scale of a few years. Aim of this review is to provide a perspective on the potential of studies in management of tree crops, by identifying main drivers and services underpinning sustainable strategies.