The analysis of small RNAs in Vitis vinifera reveals a link between enations, a virus-like disease, and host miRNAs involved in morphogenetic alteration

"Small RNAs were extracted and purified from total nucleic acids in late spring from two pooled samples of cv. Panse Precoce: ridge-like proliferations excised from symptomatic leaves, and symptomless portions. The sRNA libraries were sequenced using High Definition adapters. The resulting short reads were used to investigate the presence of viruses and for the analysis of host response Differentially expressed sRNAs between the two samples showed a prevalence of miRNA response. A down regulation of miR166 and miR396 in ena1 was observed. These miRNAs are involved in abaxial/adaxial identity of the leaf lamina and regulation of Growth-Regulating Factors genes implicated in the control of cell proliferation during leaf development "