Development of Hybrid (Numerical-Physical) Models of the Cardiovascular System: Numerical-Electrical and Numerical-Hydraulic Applications

Circulatory models are relevant to research, education and prosthetic devices/components testing. Their structure can be both numerical and physical, according to the specific needs. Numerical models are often developed first and then followed or accompanied by physical models. This approach is associated with higher costs, less accuracy and time-consuming development. Circulatory models defined as hybrid (merger of numerical and physical sections) can solve these problems. This paper presents two applications of the hybrid model with the physical section based on two different structures (electrical and hydraulic). The results show that the model can represent hemodynamic relationships in different circulatory conditions, including IABP assistance.