THz imaging and data processing: State of the art and perspective

In the recent years, THz imaging is deserving of huge attention as a submillimeter high-resolution diagnostic tool capable of performing nondestructive, contact-free, and safe surveys of materials. THz waves are, indeed, nonionizing radiations able to penetrate into nonmetallic opaque media and to visualize embedded objects with a significantly improved spatial resolution compared with the microwaves and millimeter signals. However, the effectiveness of THz imaging depends on technological progress in terms of hardware devices and data processing approaches. This chapter aims at providing a brief overview of available measurement setups and imaging methodologies by presenting opportunities and challenges. After, THz imaging results are presented for two specific test cases, one concerning artwork application and the other one regarding food quality control.