Comparative thermodynamic study and phase equilibria of the Bi-Ga-Sn ternary system

The results of comparative thermodynamic investigation of the Bi-Ga-Sn system, giving experimentally obtained results and calculated thermodynamic data, is presented in this paper. Oelsen calorimetry was performed for the experimental determination of thermodynamic properties in the section with a molar ratio of Bi:Sn = 1: 3, while the Redlich-Kister-Muggianu method was applied for thermodynamic predicting in the sections with molar ratio Bi:Sn = 1:3, 1: 1, 3: 1. Thermodynamic parameters - partial and integral molar quantities, as well as gallium activities, were determined at the temperatures of 873 and 973 K. Phase equilibria in the Bi-Ga-Sn ternary system has been studied experimentally - using differential thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-rays, while the calculation of phase diagram was done according to the CALPHAD method. Phase diagram of the section with molar ratio of Bi:Sn = 1:3 is given, as well as the phase diagram of the ternary Bi-Ga-Sn system at 373 K.