Nord Africa e Penisola Iberica: le monetazioni autonome dal III sec. a.C. al I sec. d.C

The relationship between Carthage and the Numidian kingdoms is of vital importance in order to understand the economic and political dynamics which interested the North African regions and, by reex, coin circulation in the Iberian Peninsula from the III century B.C. to 1st century A.C., as testied by the sources as early as V century B.C. At the fall of the metropolis, the kingdoms coins replace the Punic ones in the African and Iberian circuits, becoming the towing vehicle for the spread of the series from autonomous cities of the Algerian coast. e only mint that seems to maintain a certain autonomy of circulation is Iol-Caesarea, the sole centre which mints silver coins at the end of III century B.C. From the iconographic point of view emerges the role of the god Shadrafa-Dionysus-Liber Pater, divinity for independentissues of the Algerian west coast from the II century B.C. up to the imperial era.