Adaptive control design and energy distribution estimation via nonlinear observer for runaway electron in FTU

The stabilization of post-disruptive runaway (RE) beams is of crucial importance to avoid ma- jor damages to the plasma facing components. RE beam dynamics are quite different from stan- dard plasmas and deserve specific controllers to improve their confinement. Mitigation techniques (MGI, shattered pellet injections) can be combined with RE beam stabilization and controlled current ramp-down strategies to provide a complete mitigation system. In this work we introduce an ad-hoc adaptive control technique, based on recent methodologies, tailored to improve the control scheme robustness necessary for machine portability.