The early computers of Italy

The year 1954 is when computers were first introduced in Italy. In that year, four different projects started virtually at the same time. The four projects were aimed at either constructing computers from scratch or installing and making operational computers built in the United States and the United Kingdom. This article describes the history of these four Italian projects: the origin of every project, its goals, the purpose of the computers, relevant technical details of the machines, and the people involved.