Resistance and Raman spectroscopy analysis of Parageobacillus thermantarcticus spores after gamma-ray exposure

Spores of the genus Bacillus are able to resist ionizing radiations and therefore they are a suitable biological model for studies in Astrobiology, i.e. the multidisciplinary approach to the study of the origin and evolution of life on Earth and in the universe. The resistance to gamma-radiation is an important issue in Astrobiology in relation to the search for bacterial species that could adapt to life in space. This study investigates the resistance of spores of the thermophilic bacteria Parageobacillus thermantarcticus to gamma-rays. The analysis of spores' response to irradiation at a molecular level is performed by means of Raman spectroscopy that allows to get insights in the sequence of events taking place during inactivation. The role of the gamma-rays' dose in the inactivation of spores is also investigated, allowing to highlight the mechanism(s) of inactivation including DNA damage, protein denaturation and calcium dipicolinate levels.