An international review of the most productive and cost effective forest biomass recovery technologies and supply chains

This study provides a state-of-the art overview of forest biomass harvesting technologies and supply chains used in North America, Europe and the Southern Hemisphere. The productivity and cost of selected efficient technologies is presented for each country with a brief description about the source of the biomass and harvesting method. Expert opinions on the most successful biomass operations have been presented briefly for each country. The main conclusions from various intentional studies are provided in addition to future requirements for research and development. This report can be a useful high level guide of technology and supply chain selection for industry and academics.