Spiral formation at microscale by micro-pyro-electrospinning

Spiral shapes occur frequently in nature, such as in case of snail shells or in case of the so-called cochlea, namely the auditory portion of the inner ear. They also inspire many technological devices that take advantage of this geometry. Here we show that ?-pyro electrospinning is able to control the whipping instabilities in order to form polymeric spirals directly onto the target support and with true regularity at microscale. The results show that the polymer concentration plays a key role in producing reliable and long spirals. We investigate the cell response to these spiral templates that, thanks to their true regularity, would be useful for developing innovative cochlea regeneration scaffolds.