Proteomics and human diseases

Proteomics, the large scale study of proteins and protein variations, contributes to a better understanding of the molecular basis of variability in susceptibility to diseases that are associated with genetic diversity and environmental factors. The development of proteomic technologies has permitted the unprecedented large-scale identification of proteins in any biological system. Human proteomics point out physiological conditions that could greatly impact on medicine. This knowledge has the potential to decode the pathogenic mechanisms underlying diseases, elucidate potential risk factors and molecular targets for drug development and therapeutic interventions and identify promising biomolecules that could be developed for diagnostic and prognostic purposes and for improved disease management strategies. Thus proteomics can translate basic scientific discoveries into the clinical practice for precision medicine. This report provides an overview of targeted proteomics in biomedical clinical science by focusing on current stateof- the-art relatively to advances in biomedical proteomic applications. Future prospective metaproteomics and proteogenomics studies are highlighted.