Dimension and impact of biases in funding for species and habitat conservation

Taxonomic and aesthetic biases permeate biodiversity conservation. We used the LIFE program--the European Union's funding scheme for the environment--to explore the economic dimension of biases in species- and habitat-level conservation. Between 1992 and 2020, animal species received three times more funding than plants. Within plants, species at northern latitudes, with broader ranges, and with blue/purple flowers received more funds regardless of their extinction risk. Conversely, species online popularity was only weakly positively associated with conservation expenditure. At the habitat-level, we found no relationship between expenditure and conservation status of the habitat. Our results can inform ways forward to achieve conservation goals that are comprehensive, sustainable, and cost-effective.