Diversification vs. specialization from the perspective of research programmes: a complexity approach

The paper deepens the diversification/specialisation of nine European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Germany, Italy, Norway, Switzerland, and United Kingdom) in Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) and Societal Grand Challenges (SGCs), analysing a part of research public arena, namely the project funding instruments designed and managed by national Research Funding Organizations (RFOs) for the year 2018. It aims at connecting research policy instruments and KETs and SGCs orientation to highlight the plurality of national R&I policy strategies.