Association of the hOCT1/ABCB1 genotype with efficacy and tolerability of imatinib in patients affected by chronic myeloid leukemia

Purpose: The present study was aimed at investigating whether imatinib pharmacogenetics is related to its pharmacodynamics in patients affected by chronic myeloid leukemia. Methods: Through a procedure based on a sequence of classical statistics methods, we investigated the possible relationships between treatment efficacy/tolerability and combinations of time-independent variables as gender and genetic covariates in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or combinations thereof. Moreover, since the drug tolerability has a strong incidence on the discontinuation of the therapy, we investigated whether the time of manifestation of the most frequent toxic effects can be related to time-independent patients' characteristics or not. Results: We found that a combination of two polymorphisms, namely hOCT1 c.480C>G (rs683369) and ABCB1 c.3435C>T (rs1045642), seems to play the role of predictor for imatinib in both efficacy and toxicity. Furthermore, the time of manifestation of edema toxicity is found to be associated to a combination of gender and ABCB1 c.3435C>T, whereas the time of manifestation of cramp toxicity appears related to gender. Conclusions: The novelty of this study is dual: the achievement of results that potentially have a significant clinical interest and the demonstration that the adoption of composed covariates may represent a unique tool to study different aspects of the treatment with imatinib.