Profiling RNA editing in human tissues: towards the inosinome Atlas (vol 5, 14941, 2015)

Adenine to Inosine RNA editing is a widespread co- and post-transcriptional mechanism mediated by ADAR enzymes acting on double stranded RNA. It has a plethora of biological e ects, appears to be particularly pervasive in humans with respect to other mammals, and is implicated in a number of diverse human pathologies. Here we present the rst human inosinome atlas comprising 3,041,422 A-to-I events identi ed in six tissues from three healthy individuals. Matched directional total- RNA-Seq and whole genome sequence datasets were generated and analysed within a dedicated computational framework, also capable of detecting hyper-edited reads. Inosinome pro les are tissue speci c and edited gene sets consistently show enrichment of genes involved in neurological disorders and cancer. Overall frequency of editing also varies, but is strongly correlated with ADAR expression levels. The inosinome database is available at: http://srv00.recas.ba.infn.it/editing/.