A Likelihood-Based Background Model for Real Time Processing of Color Filter Array Videos

One of the first tasks executed by a vision system made of fixed cameras is the background (BG) subtraction and a particularly challenging context for real time applications is the athletic one because of illumination changes, moving objects and cluttered scenes. The aim of this work is to extract a BG model based on statistical likelihood able to process color filter array (CFA) images taking into account the intrinsic variance of each gray level of the sensor, named Likelihood Bayer Background (LBB). The BG model should be not so computationally complex while highly responsive to extract a robust foreground. Moreover, the mathematical operations used in the formulation should be parallelizable, working on image patches, and computationally efficient, exploiting the dynamics of a pixel within its integer range. Both simulations and experiments on real video sequences demonstrate that this BG model approach shows great performances and robustness during the real time processing of scenes extracted from a soccer match.