Le fortificazioni del Titano: un progetto di indagine multidisciplinare per la conoscenza e la tutela dell'edilizia medievale sammarinese

This study summarises the research activity performed on the fortification of the Mount Titano (San Marino). This is the first systematic work of building archaeology carried out on the site and aimed at documenting the architectures in their actual state of preservation, identifying the traces and relationships of the main actions and transformations in the fabric of walls (stratigraphic sequence) and reconstructing military buildings evolution in relation with the socio-economic dynamics. At this site, the research was conducted using a multidisciplinary approach: stratigraphic interpretation and technological analysis have been supplemented with sources from the state archive and an accurate 3D architectural documentation using both digital photogrammetry and laser scanning techniques. The entire workflow adopted for Prima Torre, the first historical complex analysed, is discussed in the article. In the first half, after an introductory description of the local context and history, the methodology is described focusing on analytic approaches and interpretative issues related to such complex site characterised by several building phases dating to between the twelfth century and the twentieth century. In the second half, interpretative studies are presented, and the evolution of the building is organised through diachronic phases and portrayed in thematic maps. The article closes whit a critical debate on open questions, which need further investigation, and future research directions.