Self-forming dynamic membrane as a sustainable alternative to synthetic membranes for MBR.

The Membrane BioReactor (MBR) has been widely applied for the treatment of both urban and industrial wastewater. A possible evolution towards systems having potentially lower installation and operating costs is the Self Forming Dynamic Membrane BioReactor (SFD MBR). The main characteristic of this technology is the self-formation of a biological filtering layer on a support (mesh) of inert material. The biological layer, also called "dynamic membrane", has a lower porosity than the mesh itself, so acting as the key player in the filtration processes.