La matematica e le matematiche

Archytas, a Pythagorean of the IV cent. BC, is the first to use the term "mathematics" to indicate astronomy, geometry, arithmetic and music. In later centuries these disciplines will be joined by others and their aims and methods will be discussed extensively. The great success of Euclid's Elements caused the loss of the previous works: to learn about the development of oldest mathematics, we must therefore rely on secondary sources and indirect.