Efficient evaluation of integral quantities in RDO by sequential quadrature formulas.

Accuracy of the computation of the integral quantities involved in RDO represents a key element for the success of the optimization. If numerical quadrature is adopted, a convergence study of a benchmark UQ may be not sufficient, due to the changing characteristics of the objective function thru the optimization process. To preserve accuracy, different sequential quadrature formulas are here applied to a practical application for ship design, comparing their efficiency and the associated numerical effort.