Metal phthalocyanines (MPc, M=Ni, Cu) on Cu(001) and Si(001) surfaces studied by XPS, XAS and STM

The growth mode of metal phthalocyanines (MPc, M=Ni, Cu) on clean Cu(001) and Si(001) (i.e. bonding and adsorption geometry) and their electronic structure are studied by a combination of spectroscopic techniques: x-ray photoemission, x-ray absorption at Metal L(2,3) edges and scanning tunnelling microscopy.