Collective and relative variables for a classical Klein-Gordon field

In this paper a set of canonical collective variables is defined for a classical Klein-Gordon field and the problem of the definition of a set of canonical relative variables is discussed. This last point is approached by means of a harmonic analysis in momentum space. This analysis shows that the relative variables can be defined if certain conditions are fulfilled by the field configurations. These conditions are expressed by the vanishing of a set of conserved quantities, referred to as supertranslations since as canonical observables they generate a set of canonical transformations whose algebra is the same as that which arises in the study of the asymptotic behavior of the metric of an isolated system in General Relativity.