Whenever a quantum environment emerges as a classical system, it behaves like a measuring apparatus
Contributo in Atti di convegno
Data di Pubblicazione:
2019
Abstract:
There exist two closely-related questions about the quantum mechanical nature
of our universe that keep being intriguing after decades of thought processing:
how is it that we do not experience state superpositions, and why we cannot
even see them when observing quantum systems. As for the latter question,
it is somehow assumed that this is due to the continual measurement process
acted upon by the environment. However, despite often being considered as an
acceptable answer, this argument is not a formal result, and attempts to make
it such have been only recently proposed. In fact, the current analysis of the
quantum measurement process, its Hamiltonian description, as well as its characterization in the framework of the open quantum systems (OQS) dynamics
has revealed the qualitative nature of the above argument, thus making it ever
more urgent to develop a rigorous approach to the original question. This is
the main goal of our work, where we consider a quantum principal system ?,
with an environment ? made of N elementary quantum components. By using
properties of generalized coherent states for the environment we demonstrate
that whenever ? behaves according to an effective classical theory such theory
emerges from the quantum description of a measuring apparatus in the large-N
limit, regardless of the actual interaction between ? and ?. In fact, we show
how to construct a Hamiltonian model for the dynamical process that rules the
coexistence of any two quantum systems whenever one of them is macroscopic
and behaves classically. This result wears two hats: on the one hand it clarifies
the physical origin of the formal statement that, under certain conditions, any
channel from ?? to ?? takes the form of a measure-and-prepare map; on the
other hand, it formalizes the qualitative argument that the reason why we do
not observe state superpositions is the continual measurement performed by the
environment
Tipologia CRIS:
04.06 Keynote o lezione magistrale
Keywords:
quantum environment; quantum mechanics; collapse
Elenco autori:
Verrucchi, Paola
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