Martian underground water detection: Thermal model and simulations of radar signal propagation

The thermophysical conditions of ice/water existence in the upper Martian crust have been considered in the frame of a multilayer structurally inhomogeneous geological model. The water even at the equatorial site has been shown to exist only at depths below 1 km for any values of the upper layer emissivity and internal flux intensity. The radar signal propagation in the layered inhomogeneous medium has been studied. The possibility of the ice or water existence at deep layers has been considered by analyzing the reflected radar signal in the frequency band 1.9-5.8 MHz.