A 2D+t SPH model with enhanced solid boundary treatment

A 2D+t approach is applied to study the wave pattern generated by high speed slender ships with a sharp stem. This allows approximating the ship motion through a set of equations which are mathematically equivalent to those governing the unsteady two-dimensional free-surface flow generated by a deformable body in the vertical plane transverse to the ship. To describe the body deformation, a proper description of the solid boundaries is needed and, therefore, an enhanced treatment of the moving solid boundaries is proposed within the two-dimensional SPH scheme. In the specific, the moving solid boundary is modeled through boundary particles. Differently from the ghost particles, the boundary particles are fixed with respect to the solid boundary and are associated to interpolation nodes internal to the fluid through which they take the flow properties. Finally, a set of 2D+t numerical simulations is shown which proves that the numerical scheme based on the use of the boundary particles is robust and accurate.